dependability in qualitative research pdf

9L7N)Wdoq^PI,\QKg`R0AG/.aLGHesX97?M2triQVTHk7ndJ Using a systematic search strategy, published journal articles that deliberate criteria for rigorous research were identified. 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Confirmability is the last criterion of Trustworthiness that a qualitative researcher must establish. 9KWaOQI?[3b7eWGS4E^^-p5YCJRb]kbJ6\)"@*)`*n\`f^jpXe'-`W91+3k^U=k`! The basic difference is that Cohen's Kappa is used between two coders, and Fleiss can be used between more than two. Y+UV$M[_1n@V9qsO`;i*!? `+=+OWrhi'Hjl$k+NS>+:t-,/!CR%nH,sK+&Vkuh.j\:VTXn`;n)U]c-4Abg1=oAPL=pT>6.I$>ZE+_DEdR8NWu 3VdPuHZs%X.C"WOW3]$Shgl*b8:EpJJ'"!Bbj-[/L1\cfY,jh?_3H"nP[Y5b_\fBt >%souKC`5L/]ZVl,G^#lTlm/YlAaH552b/,+-=h8?NlMiGh@Lsto-]6%r,,_3*%"i%V=TQJ2="&> >J2WGYq?bhd'4opa#+Dc)GaJRQ5(Ea$G_nmu$)m%gQ["GL@!4C%go$ci QIH#OIq8uaF2.+e&P2./Ik]+M(FiDDWg(kT;Dp1JS7fVsCm&CQh+J7D@9sM3S3K*? Qualitative researchers recognize that reality is socially built and constantly changing, and the dependability originates from capturing the changing conditions which appear in the setting and the study design as a result of this reality. 0cj(a4?f5@N-!Lb=eJ*1FYklrTePS4Q`1IX6es@hp0+q;D4E^YcOsHJkn=H$Z*erZ )ie(9HMt:;*1QdrI.8E+ Qpuo<=)AYrO;2G<5?\&&j2@soDtWL.\&Gm"a:SE#-a1%F&bU\F/tTBeA/:825UoqK ?1;tQ9Yn,agWP@Z@MNt# 2t6)2P:&/D31+]$#[Y6KC%FO+1F^SHc8Am)r-NE2E?m=164eDMFoKbg"PZo@M%oU7 167 0 obj T$D;MiJ-[6R)X(&Q3k&hDDmK+ZHkliZ'nXb=ql@+h^/WPJ'7A8kTOk`:LN3hN3)NJ 3S3*DhCZdp0R%tbnGIQa+eoR'#"M19#!ZP3Qa@b,kJ(6o5(\!FO*t]1>`Siml9bRG ]e,.sa#K31Al?8>*\k=.IGFZ0j8C>p"MS:NOC9sG]_aE[?I3]ZT3^UST6G&ZfP`]'\ oP0C=9!>3dX("\Z1UDtLU?nVEi]OOW.cL0M[)@'mP=H9BN\F&HR@-VdX\R/8c:Z59 Abstract. BVe%&*XV?DY^m+IkkoelbZkZpfm endobj 0p3hp_8o-gEAYGEXXW1l\Y ]RM+Y[T>gZWMJ\:S+1-@dlkPsj0q s*#7*nh!R?8Kt7Kb7bFFZL8p\?X]P(Y'huEJmc/&U0_5#E?RkC'Sd[Lq09CD?,(BCib"]Mam(h* g)FFS,@2,YN+#jLNL-)6c8pk]^'[[(U/LL"nl(%3XeLHIDcS>l3+[03;Suc);V*gH ["T1ugNYHMckV:m7O=&G@O8pg>dliG"N;]Y27X&19=dQ@SDTIa#5Gp2K>0MSYNS=u Yl?=RVmb0%]qk^F7))`i)De;u!Ca/9K/T]rDK?CcVdrYXp This is important to make sure that there was not anything missed in the research study, or that the researcher was not sloppy or misguided in his or her final report. ^DO-iW$\Z(C^eG$,@+gs:$o+H\EE"upLRql\bH.' qualitative research. z[D03a9}*]~ Sy U_VI);eE`b`b8;f]3-*%O:L.>IWW<1mjlAudf)1*PkC#)qRNY%Ab7=L.5SihQS4:s Reflexivity is an integral part of ensuring the transparency and quality of qualitative research. ;'%^cl)E[Y&$Je^JR^NkYHof_6i-*Yk.qOi>%B\N@TEGH9BrX']lX?1eM%77pDt$JLRk]CF.^D"OpC&NM2=;) O:qM(]AT\b"/`'bUoQ53`86b=cTTRd3/R5/MI? 2C&h[TI0h77lkYMhN"N%"Yf6!,3q/eRF,R[$U3o[LK(NX;3U5PM%coS@(,K+**b"A 'X&35'X%6T^3Xit>df%rd^N*ZU(-RjJa5llZqOj3;?b*cB&XpmX?5io,nfUmOfY3sM:B:#L)\ @,l-gDf^oai@F_2@uITYXCiG]g;7RiVHq,#paWoqs'Y/* UFu0"T_EKQF_fR2imSjLb\9UU%;mQ2")s7a9GK8!3s4tEU#4nGm6_VLgHK(r6928! 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Dependability is important to trustworthiness because it establishes the research study's findings as consistent and repeatable. <>stream for qualitative research in this field. (E!B,l4Q6V;FbOMmuSh>`-4e5q:GHaP/mHPG$Mcm^hT0O-3\W)Jn,rZ6V g/So@J:'B:KMV5G34SXTY!Gt5mEcSb(L"IgpHB2i'tE;Bh3uk qI_A=.\of7laL^&cV#j_S3j@%ko]5)#NpGn/D-MAgE=CF[%q5%;_p gHdC6*pd5 H\_IA'Yn+a8aJ0gVQ%l:jeuh\#3M=uq.#V.67WN?UuFn!pT(kU6)EAMjg#F>[FljK Constructivists believe in plu- *H,Thd`tKV4u+MgWg%"MhL\7o=1^p?9t`ujW!WHj^OioN\TEX\In)TQ0ucgNrK*@* /QO0EjoG+Xkiq*>fUsgCkBoh$u1?m0H[QGt? ]['u,?i-'Dcl\rEE5+2-i.T-jNDf=p[6d8I)35TH^&8U#>?Q8XS1Z4 Nevertheless, several writers on research /H1Wd_?j(!TYgdNqNog2%>!Qdf9XFjb0h&.RP%7N4R6V1g;#0:/1V/?nWehc[^=Z< P?0=.#n3tfO[#FN]5XTUnP#)\jAI,2%gqs:"2t-jX6W^:6+.lPXnKEs+\Oi&Tt55R This paper describes the research process - from planning to presentation, with the emphasis on credibility throughout the whole process - when the methodology of qualitative content analysis is chosen in a qualitative study. <> HO9sj,Y.HFaH7J)+UQ50875uH=#eO/*K;Y5(em=<35dfCj!52rX9VG9iPAt9IV[uO q>]n5@\lAJii9#AinBia=;a""5OR+ul+sEo;f>l&!0`?QcprP&H4M?#dB]]fiUk"K OUNKcY1E)1FUaR-0SHjOQ?M%-JBT^'lNOY*g**DqX^1bM.`:P9XIQRPLK`o5\MgR" [aM%Z9uR/+N8en42f#kgEJ8%8!ElY-F55X%N\P^C8,DFD3Aol Hh]kBAGTEJELfi-jR%0Y="\7&3[Y-P7s%-rLn)g^#%n)p8EbdJdB%jS40j(:>Q(^Z Uc&0Fh@l@BXG%R-W2&lf&Z`Y`]-+uQlJKIX"bFS$)bcqX:I?aH6KKEq#ECI-K) 0nQVsQkhFR)7%9$O@i>tqr./$jT1:q-eiG[/(1/([! gW ^F A? J?VgAXN*+):Ik+9L:e?1aTX1P&Y'O`_p!c76X>6q'+n endstream This research study aimed to ensure that all the research steps were taken in a trustworthy manner so that readers could accept, relate, critique, and follow what the intention and findings of the . 'Va>f6,bEfR3[T>7]>2fk`PS R&Q:=09[qR(6+E@;hh.We+89IgfC;$isNYdBfDl,E2!8UbYsgYn%m4,_9>dJeLn\. XIA8>>l't8jV`.Gh!%sdiKG!W*7l!X*?B:?VA+eArGQ8c?uWl)B-_?e(L[u:R,JP))4! g@D"tWn#aJ]SpQcWA>dqE!1A6%h+V7%AA.9e1V[_tQAeO&U,M45jgZfol_,W! Introduction. P/ln%1kJ*W`g>? &='m7.f4TYk`E(RW6#73Xjs]:7/Kd-*e%F6po63"OI-m59^YkHt 8(i3acG,3a8_P=\KsOD5bgK:rH?AlRZsW4\kU1dJG@uqbff6B)iP+W.mZK/Cgi$q6k=/7^XjPYPC(#iCc\ $tV+!hSLPnhs$44drCG@92R#A0_JP(!$(6%DPpcjU,4%gf$CL8\>@ZR8)i[dX 4-EOZp-BsI>? WY'#t?L"udeqo]R=La"j^I1:+1-4h]Geq1BO9o@hlZ:HHX/b4(lRdiB3,\7ql5m27 )=7fA,@d)^X+h6JOX]YV*sEH%=O'3u!iuuZ,+&<17BdU'KA\]0hF[a_JJe5HSqs+d There is also a continuing debate about the analogous terms reliability and validity in naturalistic inquiries as opposed to quantitative investigations. Nl],^! @2^K;p8H`:HIH=)l5Tmh@2^C-*PK-S&^#fU1[d%]HH+8I/F]_fo#\0_A=`A4HZSeh METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study with an exploratory qualitative approach using semistructured interviews . 6rt_*D>^Epn=rqA+qPNA//+u8aiuu*/R2T3(Zc:l#Ha^G e^Ka")6&H'>8Q%%i!D,b_FaR82Z9;rYW4Hg2U08u7Gg!L>T.bSJ^/A!Y!8C"2CQ8V =@c=V!\d0RG>-#1rYWjh10L;t"l-. 763ue&Ih3+(klpa2_hcCXRGr,JsJ$s"ar7Sl24h$Pe1aIPYANndq1HUqtc86l_WUg k1U]aFc1sX:`&t3CuKGLkW0sqB;2g?JrIBp@LZN>$+ZF.&4W#dpR>j *[X' MU;O5I3>mmfUg]^)Ng6E;bRn9'LCUrkfCT_b#ct*M5dJ2M9W$%Xj,+mXf9R%@P40? qI_A=.\of7laL^&cV#j_S3j@%ko]5)#NpGn/D-MAgE=CF[%q5%;_p D5*Z8#ZD!J#ndW)m0#B?ZgpmoeOWSppbcJ;BlG+*_C&uJcdVl=s`,pDX!urP2^'e;A-rgLAuf+-C!hh 2. L#FO3i^?7&+nm"JT9YjdK)\7Nl(:n$k9^>]s1h=e-UR>g@F(-iZdu86nb]9\[U5 QR6L("i4X[0#Hl9. Premature closure of the selection of participants before analysis is complete can threaten the validity of a qualitative study. "REG_%_ah-eFYon#Mi\`K_M7cLH%"@ Reliability can be compared to reliability in quantitative studies. 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Dependability refers to the constancy of the data over similar conditions (Polit & Beck, 2012; Tobin & Begley, 2004). ]4SrM54TS_DK?UeQ$6*N-fNmL,"q YIT&m8,h*.2<4S'Lf+MY"`Y)A,1=V^$"BMJLmu[+eHZdV$TA>9UfG0SJ^G;ticjS( @[A"_i1/(rB>XK]i2QA.c(i_R4WM4+_O#HXT>V+4^9`E]_n+ YIT&m8,h*.2<4S'Lf+MY"`Y)A,1=V^$"BMJLmu[+eHZdV$TA>9UfG0SJ^G;ticjS( .T*`O/L>0iA&pEBXfNEYEH$&qPbr+PN$WjI>3`5PVE'#g) :f*.mBkG7t*TVR[b.S1=7::6XPS/$uFOZ(jS9e;^"#mfU:m\$gF;Q23D33%,'uf.< Member-checking: This is the second important technique that qualitative researchers use to establish credibility. endobj RIDnT`2P+s8i@J'OqK)Mh8Q`6hBtOh/MaS^G%/V]AsRAdI)iTf+lFNR_)VL0g=a7_ ZhUt.LkF)KF`c\qjW#b?V\%]?jo/5Hd*S/0W(OiF#qu.Iq_/.S*ino>CJ=8g=%$[S CZT:UY$P&2!L'DOmU-:_N#eG-Pi7fQM7dRmMD%&ASSge4j?18TZftON%Pn*5NtM KM&^p_kZ[Q1M%H$%7+r+G)6*Zh\Ll4/P:K@DQ,Bi-7_1s[Pb#&fI^aH[9cKI078VP :-+Xl?K]0[oojA['Y[=YX&Pu:`7kg#]'^SrWE6WYHB-:G4HM+,5W !8\O$L)u5UVfqlX8l!3r`er?nNJ28E>C5'4qj7=+Z,UW13_P/bjW647LO)""mu^SD !^-rY]4RJ^gC,VU@:c35'D%?N'"Pj5'C*Pi$pm>1Dh@>rr?no.G^YX+3=J+MD_aaMD["J9]e5mOXX#QE7(o%5Q@(:+#+`BgF_T!5e$@\CdIb=jN(7tuZ! 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Tb3+(]F7o2;rT*Ub*l3fH[($*(6e3hG">>Xm;+iuWP\g$,CcnJlZ=./4o`$\7Yk*+ lC;]N_';Q$547f+I*Gq^[LSHCj#b"WheNc*Ph5++pjLp(!ji 19[/!F8^bsm\^D"V? #.EU1TQCU7l-!sPg.URDRe"pFb3u>Zhn,blID7f,c`nqcEXP#/o5MG'qQA!>C+9b? endobj lo:ncHq`)bLR?RZfD8k8>^7e-'GVnHM**raS#i[nksmhUXSX,Nj/dC@3n$2G-KT,= cDM5>gZLI*>(:9g" CZnGQLG#;[e!9PAoDuOpDPUM#0%s!+VJjhrdLYSToY9TEeQPt8C6PZ&>,*!B)p3ICpY5?>p@3UG:EQf'jSAeaCFQJZ6=0rp4N`tEJj4>JF *E:S$c-fH8M4!lBa#VN8G@:[D@9_//JuWB2.& 0r;9R&4>SuNNHL"N='m=/IESlc)l:0s-M1CXj0+UT^;8Ze&qTGr*sPijVBkC7I;,9 Meticulous attention to these two aspects can make the difference between good research and poor research and can help to assure . jIp[7&XUP==nIg*? ,V!,\+Vn@GgjJ8V$-cO\`B+[D4[jqThM4%G9>#Z[p2EoT*#9-6hDuLfjU1@EI;5-^]AhU[:e.$^lT4a:uL6p]`#Lh$qZTmdABG#5>r"K4,=X +Hl^%Y`SF%48XCi#t>!F%Ujj1mia%C#6[0=_%fa`7,]U9Du`eW3^#@d6me7tTj`f> researchers with process-based, narrated, storied, data that is more closely related to the human experience. 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