Since the eval keyword can be omitted when operating on variables using JavaScript, this leads to very concise code: Refer to eval for more / advanced examples. To signal the end of the data, just return null. And yes, relative paths will work. Refer to the documentation on type-conversion to make sure you can unpack data returned from Karate correctly, especially when dealing with XML. : * param myparam = 'value' or url: * url 'http://example.com/v1?myparam'. Also note how the Background will run 4 times (twice per Scenario). For example instead of: When it comes to JavaBean getters and setters, you could call them directly, but the driver.propertyName form is much better to read, and you save the trouble of typing out round brackets. Note that scriptAll() will return an array, as opposed to script(). squares.push(foo(n)); This approach can certainly enable product-owners or domain-experts who are not programmer-folk, to review, and even collaborate on test-scenarios and scripts. You can imagine how you could evolve a nice set of utilities that validate all your domain objects. Karate an Open source framework developed by Karatelabs has made Test Automation simple and unified for both API testing and UI Automation using Gherkins. } So it is recommended that you directly use a Java Function when possible instead of using the karate.toJava() wrapper as shown above. }". Allowed keystore types are as described in the, if all server certificates should be considered trusted. Use this for multipart content items that dont have field-names. Note that forcing Scenario-s to run in a particular sequence is an anti-pattern, and should be avoided as far as possible. This is possible by prefixing contains with a ! This is typically used for the first element you need to interact with on a freshly loaded page. For example if you have HTML like this: To click on the checkbox, you just need to do this: By default, the HTML tag that will be searched for will be input. Powerful JSON & XML declarations are built-in, and you can run tests in parallel for speed. The recommended approach for Karate reporting in a Continuous Integration set-up is described in the next section which can generate the JUnit XML format that most CI tools can consume. For JSON, you can also use the JS delete operator via eval, useful when the path you are trying to mutate is dynamic. If you are a Java developer - Karate requires at least Java 8 and then either Maven, Gradle, Eclipse or IntelliJ to be installed. Like above, but force the SSL algorithm to one of, Whether the HTTP client automatically follows redirects - (default, Set the connect timeout (milliseconds). Here below is an example that also demonstrates using the multipart/related content-type. The most important part of this payload is the capabilities. For example for web-automation, a / prefix means XPath and else it would be evaluated as a CSS selector. "a": 1, Also see waitForEnabled() which is the preferred short-cut for the last example above, also look at the examples for chaining and then the section on waits. { height You use the listen keyword (with a timeout) to wait until that event occurs. Some third-party report-server solutions integrate with Karate such as ReportPortal.io. using the set keyword. You can always use a JavaScript function or call Java for more complex logic. karate.set('temp', squares); If you wanted to check if the Element returned exists, you can use the present property getter as follows: But what is most useful is how you can now click only if element exists. Set a cookie. The solution is to ensure that when Karate tests run, the JVM file.encoding is set to UTF-8. Make sure you configure your source code management system (e.g. In rare cases, you may want to check what the type of the response is and it can be one of 3 different values: json, xml and string. But to be able to run JUnit 5 tests from the command-line, you need to ensure that the latest version of the maven-surefire-plugin is present in your project pom.xml (within the / section): To run a single test method, for example the testTags() in the example above, you can do this: Also look at how to run tests via the command-line and the parallel runner. And you dont need to line-up an assortment of shell-scripts to do all these things. For a call (or callonce) - payload / data structures (JSON, XML, Map-like or List-like) variables are passed by reference which means that steps within the called feature can update or mutate them, for e.g. So you could have also done something like: Also refer to the configure keyword on how to switch on pretty-printing of all HTTP requests and responses. It will default to { browserName: '' } for convenience where will be chrome, firefox etc. These are essential HTTP operations, they focus on setting one (un-named or key-less) value at a time and therefore dont need an = sign in the syntax. when a string coming from an external process is dynamic - and whether it is JSON or XML is not known in advance, see, get the value of a variable by name (or JsonPath expression), if not found - this returns, returns only the keys of a map-like object, log to the same logger (and log file) being used by the parent process, logging can be suppressed with, access to the Karate logger directly and log in debug. The not equals operator != works as you would expect: You typically will never need to use the != (not-equals) operator ! Refer to this demo feature for an example: kitten-create.feature. Here is an example: You can see the structure of the data here: kittens.json. Here is an example: Here above, you see the karate.log(), karate.env and karate.configure() helpers being used. sleep time in milliseconds, relevant only for. After that We will automate APIs of GitHub Repo V3. [ Test data can be within the main flow itself, which makes scripts highly readable. Here is a recap of symbols that can be used in JSON embedded expressions: There is a shortcut for match each explained in the next section that can be quite useful, especially for in-line schema-like validations. And such re-use makes it easier to re-factor tests when needed, which is great for maintainability. From a file in the same package. Since Karate uses Gherkin, you can also employ data-driven techniques such as expressing data-tables in test scripts. Gherkin has a great way to sprinkle meta-data into test-scripts - which gives you some interesting options when running tests in bulk. And yes, you can use variable expressions from karate-config.js. useful to scrape text out of non-JSON or non-XML text sources such as HTML, like the above, but returns a list of text-matches. This example uses contains and the #? Note that the API call (or the routine that gets the required data) can be made to run only once for the whole test-suite using karate.callSingle(). Use either the param keyword, e.g. Once you have a JSON or XML object, Karate provides multiple ways to manipulate, extract or transform data. } And yes, you can use an if statement in Karate ! 1. A callonce is ideally used for only pure JSON. Karate provides a far more simpler and more powerful way than JSON-schema to validate the structure of a given payload. Here is the same example using this approach, where a couple of images need to be saved as part of the test-script: A video of the above execution can be viewed here. How do i use javascript executor in Karate UI. You can experiment for yourself (probably depending on the size of your test-automation team) if this leads to any appreciable benefits, because the down-side is that you need to keep switching between 2 files - when writing and maintaining tests. It is the opinion of the author of Karate that true BDD is un-necessary over-kill for API testing, and this is explained more in this answer on Stack Overflow. If you need the position of an element relative to the current viewport, you can pass an extra boolean argument set to true (false will return the absolute position) : 2 string arguments: locator and value to enter. And you can even chain a retry() before the waitForUrl() if you know that it is going to take a long time: This is very convenient to use for the first element you need to interact with on a freshly-loaded page. Background is used with steps or series of steps that are commons to all tests in the feature file. When you have a large and complex project, you will end up with a few data files (e.g. What this means is that it can be chained as you expect. The karate-demo has an example showing various ways to configure or set headers: headers.feature. So if you take the previous folder structure example, you can do this on the command-line: Here, AnimalsTest is the name of the Java class we designated to run the multiple *.feature files that make up your test-suite. You can if you want to, but since only JsonPath (on variables) is allowed here, Karate ignores the $ and looks only at the variable name. You can also find a nice visual comparison and explanation here. This is one reason why you may want to prefer a flat directory structure as explained above. Examples of defining and using JavaScript functions appear in earlier sections of this document. Look at how the path did not need to be specified for the second HTTP get call since /cats is part of the url. If you have trouble with